Cma Part 1 Volume 2 Sections D E Instant
Report: CMA Part 1 — Volume 2 (Sections D & E)
- Performance Measurement: Techniques and metrics used to assess organizational and individual performance.
- Budgeting: The process of creating, implementing, and managing budgets, including types of budgets (static, flexible) and budget methods (traditional, zero-based).
- Standard Costing and Variance Analysis: Setting performance standards, calculating variances (favorable and unfavorable), and understanding their implications.
- Activity-Based Costing (ABC) – Know how to allocate overhead based on activities, not just machine hours.
- Life-cycle costing – Product costs from R&D to disposal.
- Target costing & Kaizen costing – Market-driven pricing vs. continuous improvement.
- Theory of Constraints (TOC) – Identify bottlenecks and throughput contribution.
- Lean operations & JIT – Waste reduction, pull systems, value streams.
- COSO ERM and IC components
- Risk types and responses
- Fraud triangle
- Control activities (segregation of duties, authorization)
- IMA ethical standards and resolution process
- Ethical decision-making model
: Best for continuous production of identical units (uses equivalent units of production). Activity-Based Costing (ABC)
