Explains heat engines, entropy, and thermodynamic potentials.
Thermodynamics originated in the 19th‑century study of steam engines, while statistical physics emerged later as a bridge between microscopic mechanics and macroscopic observables. Heat, the mode of energy transfer driven by temperature differences, is the central operative concept linking the two disciplines. Understanding heat flow and its constraints enables the design of efficient engines, refrigeration cycles, and modern nanoscale devices. Unlocking the Classics: A Deep Dive into "Heat,